Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR Attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

Can we understand Political Theory without history? What is relationship between Political Theory & Philosophy? What is a limitation of scientific methods of political science? (20 Marks)

Approach
Introduce with defining Political Theory
 Write the relation between history and political theory showing importance of history
 How too much of history will limit the scope of Political theory
 Relationship between Political Theory and philosophy – Importance of normative approach
 Limitations of use of scientific methods in the disciple
 Conclusion – How to make the study more authentic and better.

Question:2 

Discuss the debates on the nature of political theory. Also explain the relevance of political theory towards betterment of human life. (15 Marks)

Approach
 Introduce with writing about political theory – Can define Political Theory
 Write briefly on origin of Political Theory – Ancient Greek, Plato’s theory of ideas etc.
 Write about the nature of Political theory – Normative, Scientific, Experimental – Classical and Modern – Behavioural, Post Behavioural etc.
 Relevance of Political theory – Study of state and governance, why master science, importance of the discipline etc.

Question:3 

Do you think post-behaviouralism makes a decisive break from behaviouralism? (10 Marks)

Approach

Introduction – Define Post-Behaviouralism
 Write some characteristics of Post Behaviouralism and how it is different from behaviouralism.
 How it is not a decisive break but should be seen in continuation of behaviouralism and natural evolution
 Conclude with importance of studying political science or promoting the evolutionary nature of analysis.

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR Attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

 ‘The problem of political obligation is one of the most prominent issues of political philosophy’. Discuss. (20 Marks)

Approach

• Introduce with defining political obligation,
• Write about debates regarding political obligation – Why important issue?
• Classical explanation – Plato, Aristotle
• Write about social contract – Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, T H Green (Different views)
• Views of Marxists and Anarchist and how they see political obligation.
• Conclude with writing about obligations in future.

Question:2 

 Explain the concept of Post Colonial State. (15 Marks)

Approach

• Introduce with defining Post-Colonial State
• Write about knowledge-power connection and how it emerged out of orientalism of Edward Said
• Different schools of Post Colonial State (Liberalism, Marxist etc)
• Write conclusion

Question:3 

 What are the major arguments against the Neo-liberal theory of State? (10 Marks)

Approach

• Introduce with neo-liberal theory of state and its proponent
• Can briefly mention about the features of the neo-liberal theory of state
• Write about the major arguments – Philosophical and Practical
• Philosophical – Thomas Piketty, Social Liberals like Ronald Dworkin etc
• Practical – Global Financial Crisis, Environment, Social unrest and movements, Cornwall Consensus etc
• Conclude with what kind of state is needed in future

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR Attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

• Question:1 

  To what extent does the Rawlsian goal of achieving social justice depend on an overarching consensus among cultural, religious, and ideological groups? (20 Marks)

  Approach
  Introduce with second book of Rawls – Political Liberalism
   Need of overlapping consensus of Rawls – Where and Why?
   How it emerged – As a response to communitarian critic of his first book
   Explain briefly the theory and critic
   How his second book solves the issue – Reasonable Pluralism
   Critic of the second book by Communitarians
   Conclusion

  Question:2 

  Evaluate Amartya Sen’s contribution to the contemporary theory of justice. (15 Marks)

  Approach
   Introduction – Quote on Justice, Definition etc
   How Sen’s idea emerged – As critique to Rawls Idea
   Compare the idea of Rawls and Sen
   Write about capability approach, Nyaya, Niti etc
   Importance of conception of Justice as given by Amartya Sen
   Conclusion

   

  Question:3 

  Write a short note on ‘original position’ found in the Rawl’s theory of justice. (10 Marks)

  Approach
   Introduction – Context of Rawls Theory, Quote on Justice, Importance or any definition.
   Rawls book and his theory of justice – What he wants to suggest including his methodology.
   Original Position in Rawls – Procedural conception and Veil of Ignorance.
   Critic of Original Position – Communitarians, Feminists etc.
   Conclusion

   

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR Attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

What is the difference between equality of opportunity and equality of
outcomes? Do you think equality of opportunity cannot be implemented
unless one establishes level playing field to a significant extent? (20 Marks)

Approach
 Introduce with importance of equality, quote some scholar, can write a
definition
 Explain the difference between equality of opportunity and equality of
outcomes – Give theoretical consideration
 Write why level playing field is needed for equality of opportunity – Show the
biasedness without it, Can write example of India
 How level playing field can be established? – Scholars related to this,
Provisions of democratic equality
 Write Critics of this concept
 Write other notions of equality
 Conclusion

Question:2 

Critically examine the relationship b/w liberty & equality (15 Marks)

Approach
 Introduce with writing about the importance of normative values like justice,
liberty and equality – Relation between them is among the most
controversial and debated arguments.
 How different scholars see this differently – Liberals, Marxists
 Write about Rawls, Dworkin – egalitarian liberals
 Critics by Neo-liberals, Sen etc
 Conclude with how an effective relationship will lead to just society

Question:3 

Michael Walzer’s concept of complex equality (10 Marks)

Approach
 Introduce with definition of Equality
 Different schools have given different views
 Communitarian view – given by Michael Walzer in Theory of Justice
 Explain the idea of Complex Equality
 Conclude

Note:

1. Select 1 Question or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type. 

2. Do write your registration ID &  Questions with max. marks clearly on the top side of your answer sheet.

3. Rename your file as: Reg. No._Date of attempted question_No. of Attemped Question

Question:1 

What are the three generations of Human Rights? Examine the relevance of multicultural perspective on rights. (20 Marks) 

Approach

 Introduce with definition of rights and how Human Rights came into existence 

 Karel Vasak’s three generation of rights

 Write about multiculturalism – Diversity in the society

 Question on the universality of liberalism

 Relates to third generation of rights

 Implications of the multicultural perspectives – Quote Will Kymlicka and   Bhikhu Parekh 

 Critics by Jeremy Waldron, Amartya Sen etc

 Conclusion

Question:2 

Rights (properly so called) are the creatures of law (properly so called)’.  (Bentham). (15 Marks) 

Approach

 Can introduce with writing about Bentham or rights

 Critic of Natural Rights – Why? (Lockean Concept)

 Supports Rights created by Law or legal rights – Explain reasons

 Conclude

Question:3 

Critically examine Gandhi’s view on relationship between Rights and Duties (10 Marks) 

Approach

 Introduce with relationship between rights and duties (Laski – No claims   independent of duties) 

 Gandhi – Inspired by Indian concept of Dharma, Niskaam Karma

 More focus on duties than rights

 Critical theories – Liberals – No duties, only rights etc

 Conclusion

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR Attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

Compare majoritarianism form of democracy with participative form of democracy? Which of this offer a more adequate and normative form for democracy in present times? (20 Marks)

Approach
 Introduce with Amartya Sen’s concept of Democracy or Age of Democratic confusions
 Write about majoritarian democracy (started with Locke, Recent times – Jeremy Waldron etc)
 Compare with participative model of democracy (Gandhi, Rousseau etc)
 Write about issues of Majoritarian democracy – Head counting, Tyranny of majority etc
 Why participative offers more normative approach?
 Steps to improve participation and informative participation
 Conclude with movement towards more deliberative democracy

Question:2

The concept of multi-culturalism brings out the drawback of liberal theory of democracy’. Elaborate. (15 Marks)

Approach
 Introduce with Fukuyama’s end of history and liberal theory of democracy
 Features of Liberal theory of democracy
 Write about multiculturalism and what kind of drawbacks it brings
 Improvement needed to make it more adaptive
 Conclusion

Question:3

Discuss the relationship between development and democracy. (10 Marks)
Approach
 Introduce with some quote on democracy or definition etc
 Explain the relation between development and democracy.
 Context – Comparison in development of China and India
 Write views of Lee Kwan Yew – Democracy is not conducive for development in 3rd world countries
 Criticism by Amartya Sen – Not the correct opinion – Kerala, etc
 Conclusion – More democracy and not less democracy

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR Attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

Discuss the ‘Theory of Authority’ as given by Max Weber. Examine the relationship between power, authority & legitimacy. How states try to maintain legitimacy? (20 Marks)

Approach
Introduce with writing briefly about Weber and his book. Include his way of thinking
 Write about the Theory of Authority – Types of authority, examples etc
 Relate between Power, Authority and Legitimacy – Rousseau
 How weber gives the relation between three and his critic of Marx
 How states maintain legitimacy – Welfare, Force, Intellectuals etc
 How citizens show the legitimacy?
 Conclude with legitimation crisis of Habermas and how it can be avoided.

Question:2

Critically examine/analyse Foucault’s ‘Theory of Power’? (15 Marks)

Approach
 Introduction – Write about power as contested concept and most debated
 Foucault also tries to develop a theory based on post-modernism- book, inspired by etc
 Explain the theory – Micro view against Macro view etc
 Compare with Hobbes, Hannah Arendt etc
 Write how state is still powerful and exercises power as the sole authority in true sense
 Conclude with how it is diluting more day by day – Cyber war, Crypto etc

Question:3

Discuss the ideas of hegemony and organic intellectuals in the ideas of Gramsci. (15 Marks)
Approach
 Introduction – Write about Gramsci briefly in 3-4 lines
 Describes his ideas of hegemony – Compare it with domination
 Types of Intellectuals that create hegemony
 Explain organic intellectuals
 Conclude with current aspects on how intellectuals are creating hegemony

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR Attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

Explain about the different waves of feminism. Critically examine the effectiveness of Metoo movement. (20 Marks)

Approach
Introduction – Define feminism, metanarrative, multiple ideologies within one ideology
 Write about different waves of feminism – Three waves of feminism
 Liberal Feminism, Marxist Feminism, Radical, Post-Feminism, New Feminism etc
 Explain Metoo Movement
 Write the advantages and criticism
 Conclude with need of such movements for empowerment and how to make it more efficient

Question:2

Why fascism is regarded as a ‘hodge-podge’ of ideologies? (15 Marks)

Approach
 Introduction – Define Fascism and different examples
 Write about various scholars (Eric From, Arendt etc) and what are the characteristics of fascism as per them
 Why hodge-podge of ideologies – Taken beliefs from all ideologies – whatever suits them, No concrete line of thought or philosophy
 Both socialist and liberal claim each other to be fascit
 Conclude – How defeated after WWII, Can re-come and how to protect the world from it.

Question:3

Liberalism is not a fixed mode of thought but an intellectual movement’. Comment. (10 Marks)
Approach
Introduction – Define liberalism, Meta narrative concept
 Write about its origin
 How not fixed – constantly developing and emerging
 Conclude – Challenges to liberalism, how to protect it and reform for its best

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR Attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

 Compare the ideas of Kautilya and Machiavelli on statecraft. (20 Marks)

Approach
 Introduction – Kautilya as Indian Machiavelli, his importance and context
 First write the similarities and then the differences
 Compare the ideas – (Origin of state, governance, law and order, foreign relations etc)
 Conclude with the importance of both or influence on today’s political philosophy specifically International relations

Question:2 

Compare & contrast Buddhist political thought with Hindu political thought. (15 Marks)

Approach

 Introduction – Start with origin of Indian political thought, its importance (Quote Alasdair Macintyre)
 Explain about the context and origin of both Buddhist and Hindu political thought
 Compare on different strands like Origin of states, type of king, punishments etc – Can write the example of Chankyan state v/s Ashokan state
 Show the elements of continuity and change in the philosophy
 Conclude with what can be learnt today from both the thoughts

Question:3

To what extent it would be appropriate to say that Aurobindo Ghosh is the ‘Prophet of Indian Nationalism’? (10 Marks)

Approach

 Introduction – Write about Aurobindo (Biggest Indian thinker, Tagore – world will listen the voice of India through Aurobindo etc)
 His cultural nationalism, inspired by, views on Indian Nationalism
 Importance of his idea – how the concept of nationalism for India began by him
 Other side – Many others involved, started since earlier times ex – Moderates, He was not alone etc
 Conclude with how to use his ideas today

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR Attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

“Man living together according to reason without a common superior on earth with authority to judge them is properly the state of nature” (Locke). Comment. (20 Marks)

Approach
◾Introduce with Locke (2-3 lines on him, his theory etc)
◾Hypothetical State of Nature (What it is)
◾Locke’s definition of state of nature – Why so peaceful?
◾Type of Man in Lockean system
◾Compare with Hobbes – Anarchic
◾How all the theory of Locke is based on his theory of nature
◾Role of state for Locke – Not for order – but for continuation of good life
◾Conclusion in context of today

Question:2

Do you think freedom can be described as ‘emancipation’? Explain with reference to Marx. (15 Marks)

Approach
◾Introduce with Karl Marx
◾Freedom as given by Young Marx in Economic and Philosophic Manuscript
◾Write briefly about Theory of alienation.
◾Ending of alienation is freedom and how it is related to emancipation
◾Compare with views of liberal scholars, Hannah Arendt etc
◾Conclude in relation with M N Roy

Question:3

“Plato’s communism is a heroic remedy for a desperate evil the union of political power and economic temptation in the same hands “. Explain (10 Marks)

Approach
◾Introduce with Plato and his philosopher king
◾Write briefly his process of making a philosopher king – Without any flaw
◾Still some evil remains – Solves it through communism of property and family – Explain
◾Critic by Aristotle and Karl Popper
◾Conclusion – Remedy worse than disease.

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

What, according to you, would have been the direction of Indian National Movement had Gandhi not arrived at the scene? (20 Marks)

Approach
Introduction – Write about Indian National Movement
 Various personalities and their significance and role
 Why Gandhi stands tall and apart
 Direction if Gandhi not arrived at the scene
 Conclusion – Importance of Gandhi for current Indian politics and nation

Question:2

Compare Gandhi and Ambedkar’s approach towards social justice in India. Which is more relevant in contemporary context? (15 Marks)

Approach
Introduction – Social Justice in India, Can quote some scholar
 Need of social justice amidst inequalities of many strands
 Compare Gandhian solutions with that of Ambedkar (Decentralized V/s centralized, Introspection from society V/s state-led etc)
 Which was followed by India?
 Relevance of the approach – Both the approaches needs to be worked together
 Conclusion

Question:3

‘Indian constitution was written by the few for the few’. In the light of this statement, analyze the class character of the Constituent Assembly of India. (10 Marks)

Approach
 Introduction – Constituent assembly in India and how it started to come.
 Explain – Why people say Indian constitution is by few for few (Winston Churchill – It is for upper caste Hindus by Upper Caste Hindus)
 Criticize the statement – How it was inclusive, Write how the First general election proves the representativeness and character of the constitution
 Conclusion

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

Elaborate the distinctive features of Gandhian movements. To what extent can it be said that Quit Indian movement was the most Un – Gandhian of all. (20M)

Question:2

Discuss the uniqueness of the Indian model of secularism. Do you think Uniform Civil Code will strengthen Indian Secularism? (15M)

Question:3

Compare the strategy employed by Extremists with that of Moderates. Critically analyze the contribution of Extremists in the freedom struggle. (15M)

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

Examine the socialist perspective of national movement. (15 Marks)

Approach

◾Introduce – Indian National Movement – 1857-1947 – Many strands emerged 

◾Write about the socialist perspective – Include Bhagat Singh, M N Roy, Minoo Masani, Socialist Parties, Other organizations etc

◾Focus on their role and significance and their critic of mainstream nationalistic movement

◾Conclude with Anekantvad Philosophy (There can be many truths)

Question:2

Contribution of women in Indian national movement. (15 Marks)

Approach

◾Introduction – Write about Indian National Movements

◾Chronologically divide the role of women – During 1857, 1857-1905, 1905-1919, 1919- 1947

◾Also you can divide into various strands – Gandhites, Revolutionaries, Nationalistic, Independent women organizations

◾Instead of only writing about examples – Focus on arguments related to contribution – Limit the social part and focus on political role.

◾How this was also taken over in constitution assembly by women

◾Conclusion – How Participation should increase today?

Question:3

Write short note on Dalit perspective of national movement. (10 Marks)

Approach

◾Introduction – Write about Indian National Movements in 2-3 lines

◾Dalit perspective – Jyotiba Phula, E V Ramaswamy Naicket, Baba Sahab Ambedkar

◾Focus on Gandhian perspective for Harijans, Organizations like Depressed classes etc

◾How their view differed from mainstream nationalistic movement

◾Conclusion – Gives us the perspective to provide reservation and other benefits for empowerment

Question:1 

Compare the strategies of the moderates and extremists with respect to the National Movement. Assess their relative contribution. (15 marks)

Approach

Write about Early Indian National Movement
Who were moderates and extremists
Compare the two on different lines (Origin, Violent-Non violent, methodology, etc.)
Assess their contribution (In continuation of earlier part)
Conclude with how both were important.

Question:2

Indian Constitution is nothing except a carbon copy of the Government of India Act, 1935. Critically Examine. (20 Marks)

Approach

Write about the constitution and its making
Why it is called as the Carbon copy of GOI Act, 1935 – Give reasons
How it is not – unique and taken from many sources
Living Document – fits well into the Indian society
Conclusion

Question:3

Mention the founding principles that define Indian constitution (10 Marks)

Approach

Write about Indian Constitution – Social and Political project
Founding principles – Objective resolution, Indian Culture, Heritage etc (Preamble was adopted in the end – Try not to take name but principles from there)
Conclude with how we are protecting those principles

Question:1 

Comment on the relevance of Directive Principle of State Policy in the era of Liberalisation and Globalization (15 Marks).

Approach

Introduce – DPSP and Philosophy of DPSP.
Write about philosophy driving Liberalisation and Globalization – Rolling back of state etc.
How this era has taken over now.
Issues with globalization and liberalization – Increases the relevance of DPSP – Inequality, environment etc.
Current times – Covid, Cornwall consensus etc.
Conclusion – How to protect everyone and responsibility of state.

Question:2

The basic structure doctrine is enshrined in Indian constitution, the Supreme Court has only given it an explicit form. (20 Marks)

Approach

Introduction – Write about Doctrine of basic structure
Evolution of BS and how Supreme court gave the doctrine
Different features and how it is implicit in the Indian Constitution
Why still it was necessary for court to give the doctrine – Significance
Critics of doctrine and Way Forward
Conclude

Question:3

Underline the significance of first constitutional amendment act. (10 Marks)

Approach

Introduce – What is 1st CAA
Why it was introduced – Objectives, role, how it faired till now (Land reforms etc)
Issues – SC observation, 9th schedule
Conclusion – Stance in future

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

Write short note on Machiavelli’s Secularism. (10 Marks)

Approach
◽Introduction – Ideas of Machiavelli and relate it to secularism (Book on statecraft etc)
◽Originator of western secularism – How and Why?
◽Separation of ends and means, religion and politics etc
◽Looks religion also as a means to secure national interest
◽Write briefly on Dual Morality and relate it to religion.
◽Critics by Gandhi
◽Conclude by stating relevance today

Question:2

Assess the significance of right to property in political theory. (15 Marks)

Approach
◽Introduction -Write about property in political theory
◽How it was in ancient and medieval and evolved with Hobbes and Locke
◽Significance – Almost everything revolves around economics and property – Liberalism, Socialism, Marxism, Neo liberalism
◽Critic – Over emphasized, New trends emerging – governance, sociology etc
◽Conclude with its relevance today.

Question:3 

Trace the evolution of western political thought from ancient to contemporary period. (20 Marks)

Approach
◽Introduce with the definition or importance of political thought
◽Write about its origin in Greece and how it started
◽Trace the evolution – evolved with evolution in thinking of human – from ancient to medieval to modern
◽Write about different strands in modern – Liberal, Socialist, Marxist, Feminist and various sub-strands
◽Contemporary schools – Critical theorist, green ideologies etc and dominance all over the world
◽Conclude with the significance of evolution and why it is necessary
◽Avoid over-explaining any one political thought. Keep it balanced throughout.

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

“The cause of sedition is always to be found in inequality” – Aristotle. Elucidate. (10 Marks)

Approach :

• Introduction – Write about Aristotle and his thoughts (conservative, etc)
• Write briefly about the theory of equality
• how he says – slightest inequality leads to revolution and why it is cause of sedition
• Relate with seditious tendencies and root cause can be seen in inequality – quote Oxfam etc
• conclude with solutions

Question:2

Why Mill considers the silencing of expression of opinion as evil? What is the object behind Mill’s discussion on tyranny of majority? (15 Marks)

Approach

• Introduce with 2-3 lines of Mills
• Significance of FOSE as per Mills
• Why silencing is evil? – Dwarfing own citizens
• What can lead to tyranny of majority
• Mill to protect democracy and objective behind this discussion
• Protection of rights of people and true sense of liberty
• Critic – Harm principle etc
• Conclusion

Question:3

Discuss the Gramscian Theory of intellectuals. What is the basic difference between organic intellectuals and Traditional intellectuals? (20 Marks)

Approach

• Introduce – Gramsci as theoretician of super structure
• How he modified Marx
• His theory of intellectuals
• Significance of intellectuals – shock observer, revolution, creation of hegemony, etc
• difference between organic and traditional intellectuals
• Conclude with creation of intellectuals and today, etc

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

Critically evaluate the significance of Governor in India’s federal setup. Why there’re so many controversies associated with the post of Governor?

Approach
◽Introduction – 2-3 Lines on Governor, Article no., commissions etc
◽Importance of post of governor in India’s federal setup – Give examples
◽Examples of issues in the role of governor and where such issues can be seen
◽Why these controversies – Include constitutional debates also and the nature of the post
◽Solutions – What should be done
◽Conclusion

Question:2

Analyse the arguments in favor and against the lateral entry into higher civil services in India. (15 Marks)

Approach
◽Introduction – Write about civil services, some quotes by Sardar Patel etc
◽Importance of Civil Services
◽Why lateral entries should be introduced
◽Why it should not be introduced and issues
◽Still, if introduced precautions needed
◽Solutions – Balancing direct recruits and promoted individuals – How? And other reforms in civil services.

Question:3

Prime Minister’s Office (PMO) has emerged as the most powerful institution in India. Discuss. (10 Marks)

Approach
◽Introduction – Origin of PMO and what it includes?
◽How and why, it emerged as most powerful institutions
◽Issues in this – Centralization, Over bureaucratization, decreasing accountability, Charisma etc
◽Give examples
◽Conclusion – Solutions needed

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

In what way Panchayati Raj institutions contribute to the women empowerment in India? (10 Marks)

Approach
◽Introduction – Write about Panchayati Raj briefly in 2-3 lines
◽Facts for women in the act (33% reservation, seats for chairperson etc)
◽How this empowered women – Leadership, Integrate with SHGs, Can reach higher echelon in assembly and parliament etc
◽How this will be beneficial for Panchayats and people (Give examples)
◽Critics – Issues with the functioning and empowerment
◽Conclude with solutions

Question:2

Political decentralization has not been matched by administrative decentralization at the grassroot level. (15 Marks)

Approach
◽Introduction – Decentralization – Meaning, Principle of subsidiarity etc
◽Significance of decentralization
◽How Political decentralization took place in the country – 73rd and 74th CAA, Laws, etc
◽Why this is not matched with administrative decentralization – All still top down, Panchayats only for execution – no formation of policies, bureaucracy not releasing power, plans at very higher level etc
◽Issues with these kind of conflict
◽Conclude with Solutions for true form of power to panchayats and municipalities

Question:3

Municipal governance has taken the centre stage in Indian polity at present. What’re the issues involved in the functioning of municipal governance and what are the ways forward? (20 Marks)

Approach
◽Introduction – Municipal Governance, Structure, Constitutional Amendments Act etc
◽Why and How Municipal Governance is at centre stage in Indian Polity
◽Significance of Governance in Municipality
◽Issues involved in functioning – Structural Issues, Functional Issues, Other issues
◽Solutions – Committees related to Municipal Governance – Isher Judge Ahluwalia Committee etc
◽Conclusion

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

The Comptroller and Auditor-General of India enhances the accountability of the Government and serves as the watchdog of the finances of the government. Explain. (15 Marks)

Approach
 Introduction – Write 2-3 lines on CAG and Constitutional Article nos. etc.
 How the CAG enhances the accountability of the government
 Issues with the functioning of CAG
 Conclusion – Solutions to improve the functioning of CAG

Question:2

The success of electoral democracy in India can partly be attributed to the status and role of Election Commission of India. Explain. (15 Marks)

Approach
 Introduction – Election Commission of India – Write 2-3 lines, Article no. etc
 Role of ECI and how success of electoral democracy can be attributed to it – Give examples
 Issues – Observations by Supreme Court, Where it failed (fake news, polarization etc)
 What should be done – Write report by ECI, Various committees etc
 Conclusion

Question:3

Discuss in brief the role of the National Commission for Women. Do you think it is a toothless organisation? (15 Marks)

Approach
 Introduction – Act that formed NCW, When, Context
 Role and functions of NCW
 Good works done by the organization
 Where it failed
 Why it is a toothless organization – Why powerless
 Solutions to improve and provide adequate power
 Conclusion

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

To what extent it would be appropriate to say that National Human Rights Commission is more of a toothless tiger? (10 M)

Question:2

Define Civil Rights. Critically examine the role of civil rights associations in India towards the protection of Civil Rights and maintaining the rule of law. (15 M)

Question:3

Enlist the major provisions of the constitution with respect to Union Public Service Commission? Highlight the significant role of Civil Services in parliamentary democracy of India. (15M)

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

To what extent the constitutional and statutory mechanisms of Inter-state water dispute are effective in resolution of such disputes? (10 Marks)

Approach

• Introduction – Inter-state water disputes in India
• Constitutional and Statutory mechanism to solve Inter-state water disputes
• Role they have played in solving the disputes
• Issues – Cases pending since decades, No permanent solution, Excessive use of SLP by SC, Nature of dispute – political and hence needs political solutions
• Solutions on how to make these mechanisms more effective

Question:2

Discuss asymmetrical federalism in India (15 Marks)

Approach

• Introduction – Define Asymmetrical Federalism
• Why it is needed in India – Compare with other countries like USA, Canada
• Significance of asymmetry
• How it is in India – Give some examples
• Issues due to asymmetrical federalism
• Conclusion – How to balance it

Question:3

Federalism in recent years witnessed a change from dogmatic to dynamic approach. Elaborate Critically evaluate reforms taken in the field of fiscal federalism in India in recent years. (20 Marks)

Approach

• Introduction – Federalism – Definition, Quote on Fed in India etc
• Changes witnessed – How it was dogmatic and how it is dynamic now (Give examples)
• Issues in federalism still there – How it still dogmatic
• Reforms in fiscal federalism in current years
• How good they were in enhancing federal features
• Issues – More unitarian rather than federal tendencies
• Solutions – Specifically to improve fiscal federalism and overall federal tendencies
• Conclusion

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

Compare and contrast the Gandhian approach to development with Nehruvian approach. Which approach is more suitable to address mass poverty and need for rural development in India? (20 Marks)

Approach

Introduction – Economic Development in India – Condition of India during Independence etc
 Write about the Gandhian approach and its features
 Compare it with the Nehruvian approach
 India adopted Nehruvian approach – Its features
 Issues related to that approach
 Why Gandhian Approach was better and could have good for rural development
 What should be done now for the development

Question:2

What is the difference between Green Revolution 1.0 and green Revolution 2.0? Critically analyse the impact of Green Revolution 1.0 on Indian politics. (15 Marks)

Approach
 Introduction – Define Green Revolution
 Contrast Green Revolution 1.0 and 2.0 (Don’t explain any part too much – just write the differences)
 Positive Impact of Green Revolution 1.0 on POLITICS and not General
 Negative Impact of Green Revolution
 Political economy and reforms – How should be taken forward
 Conclusion

Question:3

Comment on the new version of land reforms needed in India (10 Marks)

Approach
Introduction – Write about land reforms in 2-3 lines
 Earlier land reforms and issues in that (very briefly or can be avoided)
 Write about the need of new land reforms – Small and marginal farmers, mechanization, per hectare etc
 New required land reforms – Consolidation of land, contract farming, New reforms etc
 How to proceed for the reforms
 Conclusion

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

Development has overshadowed the influence of caste in electoral behavior in recent elections. Discuss (10 Marks)

Approach

• Introduction – Electoral behaviour in India, Psephology etc
• How caste was an important parameter to vote and mobilization
• Recent change – Development has taken the centre stage
• Identity politics still plays an important role
• Conclusion – What is good for country?

Question:2

Discuss the basis of regionalism in India and evaluate Indian state’s response to sub-nationalist challenges. (15 Marks)

Approach

• Introduction – Define Regionalism
• Different basis of regional tendencies – Give example for each one
• How India has responded to these tendencies and difference from western approach
• Benefits of this response
• Issues of such response
• What more should be done now to prevent rise of such tendencies
• Conclusion

Question:3

Secularism and Democracy are the twin pillars of the state, the very foundation of our society. Considering this statement discuss the nature of secularism in India. Do you think that secularism in India remains a contested concept? (20 Marks)

Approach

• Introduction – Define Secularism in Indian Context
• How Secularism and Democracy are twin pillars
•  Secularism has preserved the fabric of nation – How?
• Significance of secularism in India
• Issues and Critics with current concept – What it has led to?
• Solutions – What should be the approach in the future
• Conclusion

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

Party System, Coalitions, Pressure Groups, Changing Socio-economic profile of legislators Political personalities are more significant than political parties in India (10 Marks)

Approach

• Introduction – Political Parties in India (Can write about charismatic authority of Max Weber and history of India)
• Write how political personalities are more significant than parties (Example – Starting from Nehru to Modi, M Banerjee, Naveen Pattnaik)
• Reasons for such kind of politics
• Issues with the personality cult
• Solutions – More democratic culture, Intra-party democracy etc.
• Conclusion

Question:2

The Indian party system is shaped by complex interaction of the country’s federal structure, electoral system and social cleavages. (15 Marks)

Approach

• Introduction – Party system in India (2-3 Lines)
• How it is shaped by federal structure, electoral system and social cleavages
• Briefly can mention the inter-relation and how everything influences
• Issues with the party system in India
• Solutions needed
• Conclusion

Question:3

Define the role of the pressure groups in democratic political system. Critically examine the effectiveness of the farmer’s groups towards protecting the interest of their members. (20 Marks)

Approach

•  Introduction – Define Pressure Groups in India
• Role and significance of pressure groups – Invisible empires, Interest aggregation etc
• Pressure groups in India (Give some examples)
• Farmer pressure groups in India and roles they have played
• Are they successful in protecting interest of their members? – Write both sides of arguments
• What should be done to empower small and marginal farmers and create good pressure groups among them to hear their voices.
• Conclusion

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

How do the environmental movements in India differ from those in the west? Discuss the impact of ‘Chipko Movement’ on Indian environmental movements. (20 Marks)

Approach

•  Introduction – Environmental Movements in India – Brief history and introduction
• Difference between movements in India and those in west (Full stomach, led by upper class etc) – Give examples – Write about Chipko movements in 2-3 lines in the end to link to next part
• Impact of Chipko Movements – How changed the course of environmental movements in India, Inspired other movements etc
• Still unorganized and issues remains – Write those
• How government should see these movements and solutions pertaining to those
• Conclusion

Question:2

Assess the success of women’s rights movement in India. (15 Marks)

Approach

• Introduction – Women Movements (2-3 lines)
• Origin of movement and evolution (briefly in one paragraph)
• What are the achievements of the movements in due-course?
• Failure of movements – Give examples
• Write issues within the movement (Failure and issues are different)
• Solution and how should it progress in future
• Conclusion

Question:3

The evolution of LGBT movement in India as a major civil right movement. (10 Marks)

Approach

• Introduction – Write about beginning of LGBT movements across the world and context briefly or define what is LGBT movement
• Why LGBT movement is needed?
• Evolution of the movement – Court cases (Naz foundation, NALSA etc)
• What is the stand today?
• What should be the future course
• Relate your answer with global human rights, how the movement is a civil right movements, constitution and freedom it provides, Puttuswamy judgement etc
• Conclusion

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

The anatomy of civil society is to be sought in its political economy – Marx. Comment. (10M)

Question:2

The modern pluralist democracies have posed a great threat to the fabric of nation state. Discuss. (15M)

Question:3

Examine the nature and limits of rights of the Resistance and Revolution recognized in modern political theory. (15M)

Note:

1. Select 1 or 2 Questions as per your enrolled course type.

2. Do write your Registration number, Date of Questions, World Limit and Question no. clearly on the top of first page of your answer copy. 

3. Rename your file as: Registration No._Date of Questions. Eg. 115P121_12June

4. Must write Question on Answer copy OR attach a screenshot of the Question

5. World limit as specified, should be adhered to it. 

Question:1 

Critically examine Gramsci’s concept of Hegemony. (10M)

Question:2

Compare and contrast the views of Kautilya and Machiavelli on Statecraft. (15M)

Question:3

Examine in detail Marx’s prescription for ending alienation and reaching the stage of de – alienation.  (20M)